Root canal therapy, often simply referred to as a “root canal,” or RCT, is one of the most commonly performed procedures in dentistry. Despite being so common, it is also mostly misunderstood. Fears about root canal therapy often results from hearsay rather than facts. But how much of that fear is logical in fact? Let’s separate the myths from the facts and take a clear look at what root canal therapy really is.
What Is Root Canal Therapy?
Root canal therapy is a dental procedure used to treat infection or inflammation in the pulp (the soft tissue inside the root canal of a tooth). The pulp contains nerves, blood vessels, and connective tissue. When it becomes infected—due to deep decay, repeated dental procedures, faulty crowns, or cracks—it can cause severe pain and, if left untreated, lead to abscesses and tooth loss.
During the procedure, the dentist removes the infected pulp, cleans and disinfects the canal, and then fills and seals the space. A crown is typically placed afterward to protect and restore the tooth’s function.
Myth vs. Fact: Debunking Common Misconceptions
Myth 1: Root canals are extremely painful.
Fact: This is one of the most persistent myths. Thanks to modern anesthetics and advanced techniques, root canal therapy is no more painful than getting a routine filling. In fact, the procedure relieves the intense pain caused by the infected tooth pulp.
Myth 2: It’s better to extract a tooth than to have a root canal.
Fact: Saving your natural tooth is almost always the best option provided that the tooth foundation is intact i.e. the root\s and its surrounding structures. Natural teeth help maintain proper chewing function, jawbone health, and the alignment of surrounding teeth. While extraction might seem easier, it can lead to more complex and costly treatments like dental implants or bridges in the future. And if left empty space after extraction, it can cause malalignment of the adjacent teeth.
Myth 3: Root canal therapy causes weakening of teeth.
Fact: while true to certain extent, as much of tooth structure is removed due to caries and gaining access to canals, there is still a bit of a fallacy about this belief. The strength of your tooth after a root canal depends heavily on the type of restoration placed. Modern materials—used correctly by your dentist—can reinforce the tooth and provide a long-lasting, reliable solution.
Myth 4: You only need a root canal if you have tooth pain.
Fact: While pain is a common symptom, not all infected teeth cause noticeable discomfort. In some cases, the nerve may already be dead, but the infection persists silently. That’s why routine dental checkups and X-rays are crucial—they help detect problems before they escalate.
Myth 5: The benefits of a root canal are short-lived.
Fact: With proper care, a tooth that has undergone root canal therapy can last a lifetime. The key is maintaining good oral hygiene and ensuring the tooth is properly root canal treated and restored with a crown if needed.
Signs You Might Need a Root Canal
- Persistent toothache or pain when chewing
- Sensitivity to hot or cold that that stays longer
- Darkening or discoloration of the tooth
- Swelling or tenderness in the gums
- A recurring pimple or bump on the gums
If you’re experiencing any of these symptoms, don’t delay—early intervention can prevent further complications and save your tooth.
What to Expect During the Procedure
- Examination and X-rays – Your dentist or endodontist will evaluate the tooth and surrounding structures for the extent of disease and restorability of tooth post root canal treatment.
- Local Anesthesia – The area will be numbed to ensure comfort.
- Pulpectomy – The infected pulp is removed, and the canal is cleaned.
- Filling – The canal is filled with a biocompatible material and sealed.
- Restoration – A temporary or permanent crown is placed to protect the tooth.
The entire process can usually be completed in one or two visits, depending on the complexity of the case.
Post-Treatment Care
After your root canal, you may experience mild discomfort or sensitivity, which can be managed with over-the-counter pain relievers. Most people return to their normal activities the next day. Be sure to follow your dentist’s instructions and attend all follow-up appointments.
Take home message: Root Canals Aren’t the Enemy
Root canal therapy has come a long way. It’s a tooth-saving, pain-relieving procedure that can restore your oral health and protect your smile. Much of the fear surrounding it is based on outdated information or myths rather than science.
So, the next time someone says fearful myths about root canals, you’ll know about the facts—and maybe even able to reassure them with your new understanding.